Dataweaz

pshs.edu.ph

Summary

Registrar
—
Status
Created on
—
Expires on
—
Name servers
kitana.asti.dost.gov.ph, kara.asti.dost.gov.ph
Mail servers
ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM, ALT1.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM, ALT2.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM, ASPMX3.GOOGLEMAIL.COM, ASPMX2.GOOGLEMAIL.COM, ASPMX5.GOOGLEMAIL.COM, ASPMX4.GOOGLEMAIL.COM
DMARC
Monitoring
SPF
Soft
DKIM
No key found among the common selectors
Website
See the website

Spoofing protection (DMARC)

Monitoring

E-mails spoofing this domain are only reported, not blocked.

DMARC tells mail servers what to do with an e-mail that claims to come from pshs.edu.ph but fails SPF and DKIM checks.

Policy
Monitoring
Subdomain policy
Monitoring
Messages covered
100%
DKIM alignment
Relaxed
SPF alignment
Relaxed
Aggregate reports
[email protected]
Failure reports
[email protected]

Record

v=DMARC1; p=none; rua=mailto:[email protected]; ruf=mailto:[email protected]; rf=afrf; pct=100

Authorized senders (SPF)

Soft

E-mails sent by any other server are accepted but flagged as suspicious.

SPF lists the servers allowed to send e-mails for pshs.edu.ph.

RuleValueResult
include_spf.smtp.mailtrap.liveAllowed
all—Suspicious

Top-level DNS lookups: 1 of 10 allowed

Record

v=spf1 include:_spf.smtp.mailtrap.live ~all

MX, SPF, DKIM and DMARC: the e-mail records

Four DNS records make a domain's e-mail work. MX says where e-mails sent to pshs.edu.ph arrive; SPF, DKIM and DMARC let mail servers check that an e-mail claiming to come from pshs.edu.ph was really sent by this domain, which protects it against spoofing.

MX

An MX (Mail Exchanger) record designates a server that receives e-mails sent to the domain. When someone writes to an @pshs.edu.ph address, their mail server queries the DNS for the domain's MX records, then delivers the message to the server they point to.

Example record

pshs.edu.ph  MX  10 mx1.pshs.edu.ph.
pshs.edu.ph  MX  20 mx2.pshs.edu.ph.

What the record contains

10, 20
Priority: the server with the lowest number is tried first. Servers with equal priority share the load.
mx1.pshs.edu.ph.
Host name of the mail server. It must point to an A or AAAA record: an IP address or an alias (CNAME) is not allowed here.
0 .
An MX "0 .", called a null MX, declares that the domain accepts no e-mail: sending servers give up at once instead of retrying.

Declaring at least two servers with different priorities avoids losing e-mails during an outage: sending servers retry for several days and fall back on the backup server. Without any MX, they try to deliver directly to the IP address of the domain.

SPF

SPF (Sender Policy Framework) is a TXT record listing the servers allowed to send e-mails on behalf of the domain. The receiving server checks that the sender is on this list. The final "all" rule says what to do with other servers: reject them (-all), flag their e-mails as suspicious (~all) or make no decision (?all).

Example record

pshs.edu.ph  TXT  "v=spf1 mx include:_spf.google.com ip4:192.0.2.10 -all"

What the record contains

v=spf1
Identifies the record as an SPF policy. It must come first.
ip4, ip6
Allows a specific IP address or an address range, for example ip4:192.0.2.0/24.
a, mx
Allows the addresses of the domain itself (A record) or those of its mail servers (MX).
include
Allows the servers of another domain, usually a sending service: include:_spf.google.com for Google Workspace.
-all, ~all
Final rule, applied to every other server. Its qualifier decides what happens to them: - rejects them, ~ flags their e-mails as suspicious, ? makes no decision, + accepts them (avoid it).

A domain must publish only one SPF record, and its evaluation cannot exceed 10 DNS lookups (include, a, mx, exists, redirect). Beyond that, mail servers treat it as invalid.

DKIM

DKIM (DomainKeys Identified Mail) signs every outgoing e-mail with a private key. The matching public key is published in a TXT record at selector._domainkey.pshs.edu.ph, so the recipient can check that the message really comes from the domain and was not altered on the way. The selector is chosen by each sending service and cannot be guessed: Dataweaz checks the most common ones (Google Workspace, Microsoft 365, Mailchimp, SendGrid…), so a key published under another selector may exist without appearing here.

Example record

google._domainkey.pshs.edu.ph  TXT  "v=DKIM1; k=rsa; p=MIIBIjANBgkqhkiG9w0BAQEFAAOCAQ8AMIIBCgKCAQEA…"

What the record contains

v=DKIM1
Protocol version. Optional but recommended, in which case it must come first.
k
Key algorithm: rsa, the most common, or ed25519.
p
Public key, base64-encoded. An empty value means the key has been revoked.
t
Flags: y marks a key in testing, whose failures must not be penalized; s forbids its use for subdomains.

Each sending service publishes its key under its own selector (google, selector1, k1…), which allows several keys and seamless rotation. A 2048-bit RSA key is recommended today.

DMARC

DMARC (Domain-based Message Authentication, Reporting and Conformance) builds on SPF and DKIM. Published on _dmarc.pshs.edu.ph, it tells mail servers what to do with an e-mail that fails these checks (let it through, send it to spam or reject it) and where to send reports.

Example record

_dmarc.pshs.edu.ph  TXT  "v=DMARC1; p=quarantine; rua=mailto:[email protected]; adkim=r; aspf=r"

What the record contains

v=DMARC1
Identifies the record as a DMARC policy. It must come first.
p
Policy applied to e-mails that fail the checks: none (monitoring only), quarantine (spam folder) or reject.
sp
Subdomain policy. Without it, subdomains follow the domain's policy.
rua
Address that receives daily aggregate reports about e-mails sent on behalf of the domain, whether they pass the checks or not.
ruf
Address that receives detailed failure reports, message by message. Few providers still send them.
pct
Percentage of e-mails subject to the policy, for a gradual rollout. 100 by default.
adkim, aspf
DKIM and SPF alignment: r (relaxed, a subdomain of the same domain is enough) or s (strict, the domain must be identical).

To roll out DMARC without blocking legitimate e-mails, start with p=none and an rua address, analyze the reports to find every service sending on behalf of the domain, then move to quarantine and finally to reject.

DNS records of pshs.edu.ph

IP addresses (A and AAAA)

An A record maps the domain name to an IPv4 address: the address of the server that browsers contact to display the website. The AAAA record does the same for an IPv6 address. A domain can have several of them to spread visits across several servers.

TypeIP address
A20.205.151.106

Name servers (NS)

NS records designate the authoritative DNS servers of the domain: they answer every question about its other records (A, MX, TXT…). They are provided by the registrar, the hosting provider or a dedicated DNS service, and several servers are declared so that the domain keeps working if one of them fails.

ServerIP address
kitana.asti.dost.gov.ph202.90.128.8
kara.asti.dost.gov.ph103.56.5.221

Mail servers (MX)

MX records point to the servers that receive e-mails sent to the domain, that is to @pshs.edu.ph addresses. Each server has a priority: the one with the lowest number is tried first, the others take over if it fails. Without an MX record, the domain cannot receive e-mails.

PriorityServerIP address
1ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM64.233.167.27
5ALT1.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM192.178.213.27
5ALT2.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM142.251.127.27
10ASPMX3.GOOGLEMAIL.COM142.251.127.27
10ASPMX2.GOOGLEMAIL.COM192.178.213.27
10ASPMX5.GOOGLEMAIL.COM142.250.147.27
10ASPMX4.GOOGLEMAIL.COM172.253.148.27

TXT records

TXT records hold free text. They are used to prove ownership of the domain to online services (Google, Microsoft, Facebook…) and to publish e-mail security rules: SPF on the domain itself, DMARC on _dmarc.pshs.edu.ph.

NameContent
pshs.edu.phb92f121c173htidh4gle60ueb2
pshs.edu.pherd5v93eqpjoeruvmuqdusf7s
pshs.edu.phmloepfarybnpck2yexlxa2pmnrpip74f4t4gkefgxy46yke3aeda.mx-verification.google.com
pshs.edu.phf1gu4p9k2cd5bkamtvbpflogh8
pshs.edu.phjb8gmu32bnmhjjt25jjhrda5al
pshs.edu.ph1am08bp34tqmot2b852msng3ih
pshs.edu.phg1gi0rgc6m0ea0qkejk42gjcvc
pshs.edu.phrmij899srj1slqk83r7mrgp1sq
pshs.edu.phgb2jflhsracmv7s5qebhtgdjr7
pshs.edu.phj0q1h95du8hlsge6vhnglv82oh
pshs.edu.phbg9u6ep4f3eitbfuguar8vho6t
pshs.edu.pham4fr0p23lk6ksp1oaq50j65jb
pshs.edu.ph3rla2eapra3vn0fiu039duir47
pshs.edu.phMS=6CCF743D41AFD675BE6AB144395219DB98061E5F
pshs.edu.phhllhgqtccong7hsgf892v030ha
pshs.edu.phifdnlp5ir5tefa89r2q35b5365
pshs.edu.phfndh0o1pk2slsirph32jchoqkm
pshs.edu.phadobe-idp-site-verification=5153c29191f1f7288a5743961bf917e9372b3687cb88973917bacc2ea115df5d
pshs.edu.phfr7qkj46hbhpo3chvvlmpr9fd6
pshs.edu.ph37s5hq4cqot4isf3oeqdumjkp0
pshs.edu.phglequbci1bncgppggrg1jj3asp
pshs.edu.pha390qdu3r65m7ntqhoitm2mick
pshs.edu.ph6g8eo7ekn1o9948sgomg3gb5qa
pshs.edu.ph21okse9sb9t0r8c403m46boiq8
pshs.edu.ph5vc3jt2so4dh3luujmqgnif2br
pshs.edu.ph_lbt4zkv5gev0hsgruuseab6xzxquj78
pshs.edu.phl53sk952e7afbj1ugiup212sp5
pshs.edu.ph8jk40hd1p8gc1ltriemj32itc1
pshs.edu.phkl532qklem47clqagv69mi21r7
pshs.edu.ph2k478tgpahqp4afsnhnka9200g
pshs.edu.phcnodij1kp7sr60o6tnchhk0kun
pshs.edu.phjj0eihbbnjn0kjv56pvo6spa9b
pshs.edu.phjtgb8mj9smfmptnivtcmoojd8n
pshs.edu.ph2ngavbhm3f0i2rblbagnthaqik
pshs.edu.ph9v9kdlnjcc7pv7j3ge82ee60uk
pshs.edu.ph9m97bahrsli4dnh8k31idbdv65
pshs.edu.phsu7r1eq7on6e2b3ugqcloqlvn5
pshs.edu.phpkd1cuo6ijg93tj994psg63v6s
pshs.edu.phv=spf1 include:_spf.smtp.mailtrap.live ~all
_dmarc.pshs.edu.phv=DMARC1; p=none; rua=mailto:[email protected]; ruf=mailto:[email protected]; rf=afrf; pct=100

Related IP addresses

IPv4 addresses used by pshs.edu.ph: website, name servers, mail servers and senders authorized by SPF.

IP addressUsed for/24 block
20.205.151.106Website20.205.151.0/24
202.90.128.8Name server kitana.asti.dost.gov.ph202.90.128.0/24
103.56.5.221Name server kara.asti.dost.gov.ph103.56.5.0/24
64.233.167.27Mail server ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM64.233.167.0/24
192.178.213.27Mail server ALT1.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM, Mail server ASPMX2.GOOGLEMAIL.COM192.178.213.0/24
142.251.127.27Mail server ALT2.ASPMX.L.GOOGLE.COM, Mail server ASPMX3.GOOGLEMAIL.COM142.251.127.0/24
142.250.147.27Mail server ASPMX5.GOOGLEMAIL.COM142.250.147.0/24
172.253.148.27Mail server ASPMX4.GOOGLEMAIL.COM172.253.148.0/24

WHOIS of the domain pshs.edu.ph